A few results on archimedean sets (Q1029986)

A finitely additive isometry-invariant extension \(\mu\) on \(2^{\mathbb R}\) of the Lebesgue measure \(\lambda\) is called a Banach measure if for any Lebesgue measurable set \(E\), \(\mu(E) = \lambda (E)\). \textit{R. D. Mabry} [Real Anal. Exch. 16, No.~2, 425--459 (1991; Zbl 0735.28001)] showed that for any constant \(a\in (0,1)\), there exist sets \(A\) (called shadings) on the real line with the property that for any bounded interval \(I\), \(\frac{\mu (A \cap I)}{\mu (I)}= a\). Many of the sets constructed are Archimedean, i.e., the set of all real numbers \(t\) (denoted by \(\tau(A)\)) such that \(A + t = A\) is dense in \(\mathbb R\). It was shown that if \(A\) is Archimedean, then for a fixed \(\mu\), \(\frac{\mu (A \cap I)}{\mu (I)}\) is a constant, called the \(\mu\)-shade of \(A\), denoted by \(\text{sh}_\mu A\). \(A\) is called a \(\mu\)-shading. One problem posed was: For any Archimedean set \(A\), any Banach measure \(\mu\), and any number \(b\), \(0 < \text{sh}_\mu A < b\), does there exist a subset \(B \subset A\), such that \(\frac{\mu (B \cap I)}{\mu (I)}= b\)? This paper shows that such \(B\) exists under certain conditions on \(\tau(A)\). The author also investigates sets \(S\) satisfying \(cS = S\) for densely many \(c\) in \(\mathbb R\), and finds conditions under which similar results hold. The paper also contains a lower bound formula for the \(\mu\)-shade of the difference set of an arbitrary Archimedean set, as well as generalizes an intersection result given in Mabry's paper.