Calculation of the Kirchhoff coefficients for the Helmholtz resonator (Q1033834)

The use of Helmholtz resonators is a classical topic in some areas like acoustics. Specially interesting is the setting of the problem where authors consider a Helmholtz resonator with a small opening channel connecting the inner (\(\Omega_{inn}\)) and the outer domains (\(\Omega_{out}\)). In this case, it could be consider the spectral problem for the Helmholtz resonator as a standard perturbation problem of the corresponding spectral one for the Laplacian on \(\Omega_{inn} \cup \Omega_{out}\) without connecting channel. One important feature is that this small opening causes the transformation of the eigenvalues of the inner problem for the Laplacian in \(\Omega_{inn}\) that are real and positive into complex resonances. This is a hot topic in other contexts; the existence of evanescent modes. In other words, such a kind of eigenvalues generates modes that ``disappear'' outside \(\Omega_{inn}\). Such a kind of behaviour can be understood as the imaginary part of the eigenvalues causes a multiexponential decay of the modes. In this paper authors pay attention to the model that considers a self-adjoint extension of certain Hamiltonian depending on parameters that have not easy physical meaning. They modify this model to give some partial solution to this problem. The correcting term of the scattering matrix of the model serves as a rational approximation, on a certain spectral interval, for the correcting term of the full scattering matrix of the Helmholtz resonator. As the authors sates, using this solvable model, one can construct approximate solutions of the scattering problem with several resonators. In this sense the results obtained are valuables due to the fact that the use of Helmholtz resonators in periodic media like phononic crystal is a hot topic.