De Morgan classifying toposes (Q1034091)

This paper solves the long-standing question of characterizing the class of geometric theories classified by De Morgan or Boolean topoi, by providing complete syntactic characterizations for both these classes of theories. The paper consists of six sections, the third of which gives a simplified method for a Grothendieck topos to be De Morgan or Boolean, constituting the highlight of the paper. The paper also gives model-theoretic criteria for theories whose topoi arise as localizations of a given presheaf topos. The paper concludes with a detailed analysis of some examples, and an analysis of the theory of fields in relation to De Morgan's law is carried out in the joint paper [Adv. Math. 222, No.~6, 2145--2152 (2009; Zbl 1181.18003)] with \textit{P. Johnstone}.