Zero-density estimates for automorphic \(L\)-functions (Q1034318)

If \(f\) is a cusp form for \(\mathrm{SL}_2({\mathbb{Z}})\) of weight \(k\) and Fourier expansion \(\sum_{n>0}a_f(n)e^{2\pi i nz}\), and \(\chi\) is a primitive character mod \(q\) (with \(1 \leq q \leq Q\) for some fixed integer \(Q\)), consider the automorphic \(L\)-function \[ L(s, f\otimes \chi):=\sum_{n \geq 1}\frac{a_f(n)\chi(n)}{n^{s+(k-1)/2}} \] for \(Re (s) >1.\) Denote by \(N(\sigma, T, \chi)\) the number of zeros \(\alpha + i \beta\) of (the analytic continuation of) \(L(s, f \otimes \chi)\) which have \(\sigma \leq \alpha \leq 1\) and \(|\beta|\leq T\) for \(\sigma\) with \(\frac{1}{2} \leq \sigma \leq 1\) and \(T\geq 3.\) The author considers zero-density estimates of the form of \[ \sum(Q):=\sum_{1\leq q \leq Q} \sum_{\chi \;\text{mod }q} N(\sigma, T, \chi) \ll (Q^2 T)^{A(\sigma)(1-\sigma)+\varepsilon}, \] (where \(A(\sigma)\) is conjecturally equal to 2 for \(\frac{1}{2}\leq \sigma \leq 1)\), and succeeds in proving that \(A(\sigma)\) may be taken to be \(\frac{2}{\sigma}\) for \(\frac{3}{4}\leq \sigma \leq \frac{5}{6}\), and \(\frac{8}{5-2\sigma}\) for \(\frac{5}{6} \leq \sigma \leq 1.\) The estimate \[ \sum (Q) \ll {(Q^2T)^{\frac{4(1-\sigma)}{3-2\sigma}}}{(\log Q^2 T)^{15}} \] is also proven, using sieve methods. Together, these results are shown to imply that \(A(\sigma)\) may be taken to be \(\frac{8}{3}\), improving known bounds for \(\sum_{\chi \pmod q}N(\sigma, T, \chi)\).