Laumon spaces and the Calogero-Sutherland integrable system (Q1034699)

The article deals with the Laumon quasiflag spaces \(\mathcal{M}_{\gamma}\), which parametrize flags of the form \[ 0\subset \mathcal{F}_1 \subset \mathcal{F}_2 \subset \ldots \subset \mathcal{F}_{n-1} \subset \mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{P}^1}^n \eqno{(1)} \] Here each \(\mathcal{F}_i\) is a torsion-free sheaf of rank \(i\) on \(\mathbb{P}^1\) whose fiber at \(\infty \in \mathbb{P}^1\) is fixed. The degrees of the sheaves \(\mathcal{F}_i\) are predetermined by the index \(\gamma\), which lies in a monoid \(\mathcal{Q}^-\) in the root lattice of \(\mathfrak{sl}_n\). The maximal torus \(T\subset SL_n\) acts on each \(\mathcal{M}_{\gamma}\) by linear transformations of the ambient sheaf \(\mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{P}^1}^n \), while \(\mathbb{C}^*\) acts on \(\mathcal{M}_{\gamma}\) by multiplying the base \(\mathbb{P}^1\) of the sheaves. The resulting \(T \times \mathbb{C}^*\) action on \(\mathcal{M}_{\gamma}\) gives equivariant cohomology classes. The generating function \[ Z(m)=\sum_{\gamma \in \mathcal{Q}^-}e^{\gamma}\int_{\mathcal{M}_{\gamma}} c(\mathcal{T}\mathcal{M}_{\gamma},mx) \eqno{(2)} \] is studied, where \(c(\mathcal{T}\mathcal{M}_{\gamma},\cdot)\) denotes the \(T \times \mathbb{C}^*\)-equivariant Chern polynomial of the tangent bundle of \(\mathcal{M}_{\gamma}\), \(m \in \mathbb{C}\) is a parameter and \({x}\) is a coordinate on \(\mathbb{C}.\) The author proves Braverman's conjecture, which states that \(Z(m)\) coincides with the eigenfunction of the Calogero-Sutherland Hamiltonian, up to a simple factor which is specified. This conjecture was inspired by the work of [\textit{N. Nekrasov}, Seiberg-Witten prepotential from instanton counting. Proceedings of the international congress of mathematicians, ICM 2002, Beijing, China, August 20-28, 2002. Vol. III: Invited lectures. Beijing: Higher Education Press. 477-495 (2002; Zbl 1008.81062)] in the affine \(\mathfrak{sl}_n\) setting, where a similar conjecture is still open.