Uniqueness of Shalika functionals: the Archimedean case (Q1036216)

In the paper [Duke Math. J. 149, No. 3, 509--567 (2009; Zbl 1221.22018)] the first two of the present authors have shown that \((\text{GL}_{2n}(F),\text{GL}_n(F)\times \text{GL}_n(F))\) is a Gelfand pair when \(F\) is \(\mathbb R\) or \(\mathbb C\). In the case of a non-archimedean local field \(F\) the same assertion is due to \textit{H. Jacquet} and \textit{S. Rallis} [Compos. Math. 102, No. 1, 65--123 (1996; Zbl 0855.22018)]. Jacquet and Rallis used this in the non-archimedean case to prove uniqueness of Shalika functionals. The latter is done in the present paper in the archimedean setting, i.e., \(F=\mathbb R,\mathbb C\). More precisely, let \((\pi,V)\) be an irreducible smooth Fréchet representation of \(\text{GL}_{2n}(F)\). A Shalika functional is a continuous functional \(\varphi:V\to\mathbb C\) such that for any \(g\in \text{GL}_n(F)\), \(A\in\text{Mat}_{n\times n}(F)\) and \(v\in V\) one has \[ \varphi\left(\pi\begin{pmatrix} g&A\\ 0&g\end{pmatrix}\right)= \exp(2\pi i\operatorname{Re} \operatorname{Tr}(g^{-1} A))\varphi(v). \] The uniqueness, proven in this paper, asserts that the space of Shalika functionals for \(\pi\) is at most one-dimensional.