Geometric properties of hyperbolic polar coordinates (Q1038540)

In [Comput. Methods Funct. Theory 6, No. 1, 223--242 (2006; Zbl 1147.30010)], the authors investigate the properties of hyperbolic polar coordinates of a simply connected hyperbolic region in the complex plane. The paper under review continues the investigation of the properties of hyperbolic polar coordinates of a simply connected hyperbolic region in the Riemann sphere and the unit disk. Similar results are obtained for the complex plane equipped with the metric of curvature 0, the Riemann sphere equipped with the metric of curvature, \(1\) and the unit disk equipped with the metric of curvature \(-1\). We only summarize the results for the Riemann sphere. There are three ways to characterize a meromorphic and locally univalent function from the Poincaré disk to the Riemann sphere such that its image is convex under the metric of curvature \(1\). Each way produces a geometric characterization of a convex domain in the Riemann sphere with the metric of curvature \(1\). Let \(w(s,\theta)\) be the hyperbolic arc length parametrization in hyperbolic polar coordinates. If a simply connected hyperbolic region \(\Omega\) is convex in the Riemann sphere, then, for any point \(a\in\Omega,\) (1) the distance \(d_{\sigma}\big(w(s,\theta), a\big)\) is increasing in \(s\geq 0\) for all \(\theta\), (2) the distance \(d_{\sigma}\big(w(s,\theta_1), w(s,\theta_2)\big)\) is increasing in \(s\geq 0\) for all \(e^{i\theta_1}\neq e^{i\theta_2}\), (3) \(\left|\frac{\partial w(s,\theta)}{\partial \theta}\right|\big/\big(1+|w(s,\theta)|^2\big)\) is increasing in \(s\geq 0\) for all \(\theta\). Conversely, if one of the conditions holds for just one point \(a\in\Omega,\) then \(\Omega\) is convex in the Riemann sphere.