Operators associated with the Jacobi semigroup (Q1040879)

This paper focusses on the study of potential operators, fractional integrals, fractional derivatives and Carleson measures in the Jacobi setting. For \(d\in\mathbb N\), \(x\in(-1,1)^d\) and \(\alpha,\beta\in (-1,\infty)^d\), let \(\mu_d^{\alpha,\beta}(dx)\equiv\prod_{i=1}^d (1-x_i)^{\alpha_i} (1+x_i)^{\beta_i}\,dx_i\) be the Jacobi measure on \(\mathbb R^d\), \[ {\mathcal L}^{\alpha,\beta}\equiv \sum_{i=1}^d \left[(1-x_i^2) \partial^2_{x_i}+(\beta_i-\alpha_i- (\alpha_i+\beta_i+2)x_i)\partial_{x_i}\right] \] the Jacobi differential operator, and \(\{p^{\alpha,\beta}_v\}_v\) the set of all normalized Jacobi polynomials. Denote by \(C^{\alpha,\beta}_n\) the closed subspaces of \(L^2(\mu_d^{\alpha,\beta})\) generated by \(\{p^{\alpha,\beta}_v: |v|=n\}\) and let \(J^{\alpha,\beta}_n\) be the orthogonal projection from \(L^2(\mu_d^{\alpha,\beta})\) onto \(C^{\alpha,\beta}_n\). The author first proves that \(J^{\alpha,\beta}_n\) is bounded on \(L^p(\mu_d^{\alpha,\beta})\) for all \(1<p<\infty\). Via this, the author establishes the \(L^p(\mu_d^{\alpha,\beta})\)-boundedness of potential operators \(U^{\alpha,\beta}_k\) and \(U^{s,\alpha,\beta}_k\), defined, respectively, by \[ U^{\alpha,\beta}_k f\equiv \int_0^\infty \exp (t{\mathcal L}^{\alpha,\beta})(I-\cdots-J^{\alpha,\beta}_{k-1})f\,dt \] and \[ U^{s,\alpha,\beta}_k\equiv \int_0^\infty \int_0^\infty \exp (u{\mathcal L}^{\alpha,\beta})(I-\cdots-J^{\alpha,\beta}_{k-1})f \eta^s_t(du)\,dt \] for all polynomials \(f\), where \(\eta^s_t\) is a Borel measure on \([0,\infty)\) satisfying \(\int_0^\infty e^{-wu} \eta^s_t(du)=e^{-w^s t}\), and then extends the celebrated Meyer's multiplier theorem to the Jacobi expansions. As applications of these conclusions, the author introduces the fractional integral, the fractional derivative \(D^{\mu^{\alpha,\beta}}_s\) of order \(s>0\) and the potential space \(L^p_s(\mu_d^{\alpha,\beta})\) associated to Jacobi expansions, and shows that \(f\in L^p_s(\mu_d^{\alpha,\beta})\) if and only if \(D^{\mu^{\alpha,\beta}}_s f\in L^p(\mu_d^{\alpha,\beta})\). The author also establishes a version of Calderón's reproduction formula via the Jacobi semigroup \(\{T^{\alpha,\beta}_t\}_{t\geq0}\equiv \{\exp(t{\mathcal L}^{\alpha,\beta})\}_{t\geq0}\) and then introduces the Jacobi-Besov spaces \({\dot B}^{s,p}_{q}(\mu_d^{\alpha,\beta})\) and the Jacobi-Triebel-Lizorkin spaces \({\dot F}^{s,p}_{q}(\mu_d^{\alpha,\beta})\) in the Jacobi setting. The Lebesgue spaces \(L^p(\mu_d^{\alpha,\beta})\) and the potential spaces \(L^p_s(\mu_d^{\alpha,\beta})\) are proved to be particular cases of Jacobi-Triebel-Lizorkin spaces. Finally, the author establishes the Carleson measure characterization for the space \({\dot F}^{0,2}_{\infty}(\mu_d^{\alpha,\beta})\).