The cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation in two dimensions with radial data (Q1041256)

The authors prove a global well-posedness and scattering result for the mass-critical non-linear Schrödinger equation (1) \(iu_t + \Delta u = \mu | u | ^2 u\), \(\mu = \pm1\) ( \(\mu=+1\) corresponds to the defocusing case and \(\mu = -1\) corresponds to the focusing case) for spherically symmetric solutions \(u(t,\cdot) \in L_x^2(\mathbb R^2)\). In order to formulate the precise statement, we have to recall some definitions. For a function \(u_0\in L_x^2(\mathbb R^d)\) its mass \(M(u_0)\) is simply the square of its \(L^2\) norm. A solution \(u\) defined on a time interval \(I\) is said to blowup forward (backward) in time if there exists a time \(t_0\in I\) such that \(\int_{t_0}^{\sup I} \int_{\mathbb R^d}| u(t,x)|^{2(d+2)/d}\,dx\,dt=\infty\) \((\int^{t_0}_{\inf I} \int_{\mathbb R^d}| u(t,x) | ^{2(d+2)/d}\,dx\,dt= \infty\)). Finally, the ground state is the unique positive radial Schwartz solution \(Q:\mathbb R^d\rightarrow\mathbb R_+\) of the equation \(\Delta Q+ Q^{1+4/d}=Q\). The main result proved in the paper is the following: in the defocusing case all maximal life-span spherically symmetric solutions of the equation (1) are global and do not blowup either forward or backward in time; in the focusing case the same conclusion remains true if \(M(u)\equiv M(u(t,\cdot)) < M(Q)\). It is known that if the solution does not blowup either forward or backward in time, then \(u\) scatters forward and backward in time. The main tool in the proof is a refinement of Theorems 1.13 and 7.2 from [\textit{T. Tao, M. Visan} and \textit{X. Zhang}, Forum Math. 20, No. 5, 881--919 (2008; Zbl 1154.35085)] more precise scenarios for the case when the conclusion of the main theorem fails are established. We should mention that part of the intermediary results are proved for dimensions \(d \geq 2\) and solutions which are not necessarily spherically symmetric. One also proves that in the focusing case, any spherically symmetric blowup solution must concentrate at the blowup time at least the mass of the ground state.