Two-variable orthogonal polynomials of big \(q\)-Jacobi type (Q1044655)

Bivariate orthogonal big \(q\)-Jacobi polynomials \[ P_{n,k}(x,y;a,b,c,d;q)=P_{n-k}(y;a,bcq^{2k+1},dq^{k};q)y^k (dq/y;q)_kP_k(x/y;c,b,d/y;q),\tag{\(*\)} \] where \(n\in\mathbb N\), \(k=0,\dotsc,n\), \(q\in(0,1)\), \(0<aq,bq,cq<1\), \(d<0\), and \[ P_m(t;A,B,C;q)={}_3\varphi_2 (q^{-m}, ABq^{m+1},t;Aq,Cq\mid q;q)\quad (m\geq0) \] are univariate big \(q\)-Jacobi polynomials [see \textit{G. E. Andrews, R. Askey} and \textit{R. Roy}, Special functions. Encyclopedia of Mathematics and Its Applications. 71. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (1999; Zbl 0920.33001] are introduced. Some properties of the polynomials \((*)\) are given. It is shown (Theorem 2.1) that the polynomials \((*)\) form an orthogonal system with respect to the weight function \[ W(x,y;a,b,c,d;q)=\frac{(dq/y,x/(cy),x/d,y/a,y/d;q)_\infty} {y(d/(cy), cqy/d,x/y,bx/d,y;q)_\infty}, \] where \((c_1,\dots,c_m;q)_k=(c_1;q)_kc\dots(c_m;q)_k\) and \((c;q)_k=\prod_{j=0}^{k-1}(1-cq^j)\), \(k=0,1, \dots,\infty\). Let \(\mathbb P_n=[P_{n,0},\dots,P_{n,n}]^T\), where \(P_{n,k}= P_{n,k} (x,y;a,b,c,d;q)\). In Theorem 2.2 it is proved that the following three-term relation holds \(z\mathbb P_n=A_{n,z}\mathbb P_{n+1}+ B_{n,z} \mathbb P_{n}+C_{n,z}\mathbb P_{n-1}\), where \(z=x,y\), \(n\geq0\), \(A_{n,z}\), \(B_{n,z}\), and \(C_{n,z}\) are matrices of appropriate dimensions, \(\mathbb P_{-1}=0\). In Theorem 2.3 it is shown that for any \(n\geq0\), and \(0\leq k\leq n\) the polynomial \(P_{n,k}(x,y;a,b, c,d;q)\) satisfies a linear second-order partial \(q\)-difference equation. Partial \(q\)-derivative operator with respect to \(x\) is defined for \(q\in\mathbb C\setminus\{0\}\) by \(D_{q,x}f(x,y)=(f(qx,y)- f(x,y))/(qx-x)\).