An improved condition for the convexity of Bernstein-Bézier surfaces over triangles (Q1057437)

Let T be a given triangle and (u,v,w) be the barycentric coordinates of the point \(P\in T\) with respect to T. Let f be a set of \((n+1)(n+2)/2\) real numbes \(f_{i,j,k}\) with \(i+j+k=n\). The following polynomial \(B_ n(f;P)=\sum_{i+j+k=n}f_{i,j,k}n!/i!j!k!u^ iv^ jw^ k\) is called the nth Bernstein-Bézier surface over T. Define partial shifting operators \(E_{\ell}\) by \(E_{\ell}f_{i,j,k}=f_{i+\ell,j,k}\), where \(i+j+k=n-\ell\), and \(\ell =1,2,3\). Put \(D^{(1)}_{i,j,k}=(E_ 1-E_ 2)(E_ 1-E_ 3)f_{i,j,k}\), similarly for \(D^{(2)}_{i,j,k}\) and \(D^{(3)}_{i,j,k}\) in which \(i+j+k=n-2\). \textit{G. Chang} and \textit{P. J. Davis} [J. Approximation Theory 40, 11-28 (1984; Zbl 0528.41005)] showed that if \(D^{(s)}_{i,j,k}\geq 0\) for \(s=1,2,3\) and \(i+j+k=n-2\), then \(B_ n(f;P)\) is convex over T. In the present paper we show that if \(D^{(2)}_{i,j,k}+D^{(3)}_{i,j,k}\geq 0\), \(D^{(3)}_{i,j,k}+D^{(1)}_{i,j,k}\geq 0\), \(D^{(1)}_{i,j,k}+D^{(2)}_{i,j,k}\geq 0\), \(D^{(2)}_{i,j,k}D^{(3)}_{i,j,k}+D^{(3)}_{i,j,k}D^{(1)}_{i, j,k}+D^{(1)}_{i,j,k}D^{(2)}_{i,j,k}\geq 0\) hold for \(i+j+k=n-2\), then \(B_ n(f;P)\) is convex over T. It has been shown that these conditions are also necessary for the convexity of \(B_ n(f;P)\) if \(n=2\) and \(n=3\).