Probabilistic encryption (Q1057832)

A new probabilistic model of data encryption is introduced. For this model, under suitable complexity assumptions, it is proved that extracting any information about the cleartext from the cyphertext is hard on the average for an adversary with polynomially bounded computational resources. The proof holds for any message space with any probability distribution. The first implementation of this model is presented. The security of this implementation is proved under the intractability assumption of deciding Quadratic Residuosity modulo composite numbers whose factorization is unknown.