Some retractions and deformation retractions on \(2^ X\) and C(X) (Q1060448)

Let X be a metric continuum and let \(2^ X\) (C(X)) denote the hyperspace of closed subsets (subcontinua) of X. Let \(F_ 1(X)=\{\{x\}| x\in X\}\). It is shown that C(X) is a strong deformation retract of \(2^ X\) if and only if X is locally connected and that \(F_ 1(X)\) is a strong deformation retract of \(2^ X\) if and only if X is an absolute retract. Some conditions under which \(F_ 1(X)\) is a deformation retract of \(2^ X\) and some conditions under which \(F_ 1(X)\) is a strong deformation retract of C(X) are determined. An example is given of a non-contractible dendroid X with the following properties: (i) C(X) is a retract of \(2^ X\); (ii) C(X) is not a deformation retract of \(2^ X\); (iii) \(F_ 1(X)\) is a retract of \(2^ X\); (iv) \(F_ 1(X)\) is not a deformation retract of \(2^ X\); (v) \(F_ 1(X)\) is a strong deformation retract of C(X); (vi) every Whitney map for C(X) is admissible; and (vii) no Whitney map for \(2^ X\) is admissible.