Best approximation of the operator of second mixed derivative in the metrics of L and C on the plane (Q1063818)

The problem about the best approximation in the metrics of L and C of the operator \(\partial^ 2/\partial t_ 1\partial t_ 2\) on the classes of the real-valued functions of two variables that are given exactly or with known error and have the third pure partial derivatives, is considered in this note. Let X and Y be Banach spaces and \(Q\subset X\) be a subset of the domain of the operator A that acts from dom \(A\subset X\) into Y. Let \({\mathcal L}={\mathcal L}(X,Y)\) denote the set of all linear operators from X into Y. For \(\delta\geq 0\) and \(T\in {\mathcal L}\), let \[ (1)\quad U_{\delta}(T)=\sup \{\| Ay-Tx\|_ r:\quad y\in {\mathbb{Q}},\quad x\in X,\quad \| x-y\|_ x\leq \delta \}, \] \[ (2)\quad E(N)=\inf \{U_ 0(T):\quad T\in {\mathcal L}_ N\}, \] the measure of the best approximation of the operator A on the class Q by the set \({\mathcal L}_ N={\mathcal L}_ N(X,Y)\) of bounded linear operators from X to Y with \(\| T\| \leq N\), and \[ (3)\quad \omega (\delta)=\sup \{Ax\|_{\gamma}:\quad x\in Q,\quad \| x\| \leq \delta \}. \] The problem of investigation of quantities (1)-(3) is studied when \(X=Y=L_ p=L_ p({\mathbb{R}}^ 2)\), \(p=1\) or \(\infty\), \(A=\partial^ 2/\partial t_ 1\partial t_ 2\), \(Q=W^ 3_ p=Wd^ 3_ p({\mathbb{R}}^ 2)\). Main theorems: Theorem 1. The following equation is valid for each function \(x\in W^ 3_{\infty}:\) \(x^{(1,1)}=x*\mu +x^{(3,0)}\times K_ 1+x^{(0,3)}*K_ 2,\) where the sign * denotes the convolution operation and the measure \(\mu\) is such that \[ x*\mu =(x(t_ 1+1,t_ 2+1)-x(t_ 1-1,t_ 2+1)-x(t_ 1+1,t_ 2-1)+x(t_ 1-1,t_ 2-1)). \] Theorem 2. Let \(\mu =1\) or \(p=\infty\). Then \(E(1)=\inf_{\| T\|_{L_ p}\to L_ p\leq 1}\sup_{x\in W^ 3_ p}\| x^{(1,1)}-Tx\|_ p=2/3,\) \(\omega_{(1)}=\sup \{\| x^{(1,1)}\|_ p:\) \(x\in W^ 3_ p\), \(\| x\|_ p\leq 1\}=^ 3\sqrt{3}\), and the operator \(T^*(x)=x*\mu\), where \(\mu\) is the measure from Theorem 1, is extremal in the problem (2) for \(N=1\). Here \(W^ 3_{\infty}=W^ 3_{\infty}({\mathbb{R}}^ 2)\) is the set of bounded continuous real-valued functions \(x(t_ 1,t_ 2)\), whose derivatives \(x^{(2,0)}(t_ 1,t_ 2)\) and \(x^{(0,2)}(t_ 1,t_ 2)\) are locally absolutely continuous with respect to \(t_ 1\) and \(t_ 2\), respectively for almost all \(t_ 2\) and \(t_ 1\) and, in addition, \[ \| x^{(3,0)}\|_{\infty}= \sup_{(t_ 1,t_ 2)\in {\mathbb{R}}^ 2}| x^{(3,0)}(t_ 1,t_ 2)| \leq 1, \] \[ \| x^{(0,3)}\|_{\infty}= \sup_{(t_ 1,t_ 2)\in {\mathbb{R}}^ 2}| x^{(0,3)}(t_ 1,t_ 2)| \leq 1. \]