Degneration of surfaces with trivial canonical bundles (Q1066221)

Let \(\pi\) : \(X\to \Delta\) be a proper surjective holomorphic map of a 3- dimensional complex manifold X onto a disk \(\Delta:=\{| t| <\epsilon \}\). Let us assume that \(\pi^{-1}(x)\) are smooth and \(\pi^{-1}(0)=:X_ 0\) is the unique singular fibre. Such a map \(\pi\) : \(X\to \Delta\) is called a degeneration of surfaces. Furthermore, \(\pi\) is called semi-stable if \(X_ 0\) is a reduced divisor with only normal crossings. The main result of this paper is the following theorem: Let (\(\pi\),X,\(\Delta)\) be a semi-stable degeneration of \(K_ 3\)- surfaces. Then one (at least) of the following alternatives will occur: (i) there exists a semi-stable degeneration (\(\pi\) ',X',\(\Delta\) ') such that the canonical bundle \(K_{X'}\) is trivial and where (\(\pi\) ',X',\(\Delta\) ') is a modification of (\(\pi\),X,\(\Delta)\); (ii) one of the components of the singular fibre \(X_ 0\) is a Hopf surface; or (iii) one of the components of \(X_ 0\) is a surface of class VII whose minimal model S contains a cycle of rational (non singular) curves. Details of the proof are not given. However, the author exhibits examples showing that the above alternatives indeed occur.