Minimal non-permutative pseudovarieties of semigroups. I (Q1068947)

A semigroup S is permutative if it satisfies an identity of the form \(x_ 1x_ 2...x_ n=x_{\sigma 1}x_{\sigma 2}...x_{\sigma n}\) where \(\sigma\) is a nonidentical permutation on \(\{\) 1,2,...,n\(\}\). S is strongly left (right) permutative if \(\sigma\) \(1\neq 1\) (\(\sigma\) \(n\neq n)\) and strongly permutative means both left and right strongly permutative. A pseudovariety of algebras is a class of finite algebras closed under the taking of morphic images, subalgebras and finite direct products. Consequences of permutation identities are discussed and simplification of permutativity conditions using idempotents are given. For results along these lines see also \textit{N. M. Khan} [J. Aust. Math. Soc., Ser. A 38, 186-197 (1985; Zbl 0559.20041)]. Also updated references for cited papers [7] and [8] of the reviewer are [Semigroup Forum 29, 87- 97 (1984; Zbl 0546.20051) and J. Pure Appl. Algebra 38, 65-69 (1985; Zbl 0567.20038)] respectively. All minimal non-commutative pseudo-varieties of groups and semigroups are determined. A list of minimal non-strongly permutative and non-strongly left permutative pseudo-varieties is given. All minimal pseudovarieties with respect to failing one of the above properties are characterized both by a generator of minimum size and by a finite basis of identities.