On Atkinson operators in locally convex spaces (Q1076318)

Let X,Y be Hausdorff locally convex spaces and \(Op(X,Y)=all\) linear operators with domain X and range in Y, \(C_ D(X,Y)=\{T\in Op_ D(X,Y):\) domain D of T is dense in X and G(T) is closed in \(X\times Y\}\). \(\alpha\) (T) is the dimension of the null-space N(T) of T and \(\beta\) (T) is the dimension of Y/R(T) and \(i(T)=\alpha (T)-\beta (T)\). \(A_{\alpha}(X,Y)=\{T\in Op_ D(X,Y)\) with T open, N(T) and R(T) complemented and \(\alpha (T)<\infty \}\); \(A_{\beta}(X,Y)=\{T\) as before with \(\beta (T)<\infty \}\) and \(A(X,Y)=A_{\alpha}(X,Y)\cap A_{\beta}(X,Y)\). Throughout, the authors assume that \(L(X,Y)=L(X_{\sigma},Y_{\sigma})\), \(L(Y',X')=L(Y'_{\sigma},X'_{\sigma})\) and for \(T\in C_ D(X,Y)\), R(T') (resp. R(T)) closed implies T (resp. T') is open. The first main result is a characterization of \(A_{\alpha}\) and \(A_{\beta}\); to be specific, they prove that for \(T\in C_ D(X,Y)\), \(T\in A_{\alpha}\Leftrightarrow \exists A\in L(Y,X)\) and P, a compact operator on X, such that R(A)\(\cup R(P)\subset D(T)\) and AT\(\subset I-P\). This alows for simple consequences like, for \(T\in A(X,Y)\) and K, compact on X into Y, \(T+K\in A(X,Y)\) and \(i(T)=i(T+K)\); the authors also make the interesting observation that for closed densely defined T, \(T\in A(X,Y)\Leftrightarrow T'\in A(Y',X')\). In Sections 3 and 4 the authors carry on the above investigation in normed spaces and in two norm spaces.