Twists of central simple algebras and endomorphism algebras of some abelian varieties (Q1078279)

We study the endomorphism algebra of an abelian variety A of the following type: A is defined over \({\mathbb{Q}}\) and is given with a number field E contained in \(End_{{\mathbb{Q}}}(A)\otimes_{{\mathbb{Z}}}{\mathbb{Q}}\) such that E is its own commutant in \(X=End_{{\bar {\mathbb{Q}}}}(A)\otimes_{{\mathbb{Z}}}{\mathbb{Q}}\). Among such abelian varieties, well-known examples are the varieties \(A_ f\) studied by Shimura, Ribet, etc., associated to weight-2 newforms f, where f has no complex multiplications. In this situations, X is a central simple algebra over some subfield F of E. The action of \(G=Gal({\bar {\mathbb{Q}}}/{\mathbb{Q}})\) on X defines a continuous character \(\alpha:\quad G\to E^*/F^*.\) Let \(d=\dim A/[E:{\mathbb{Q}}]\). When d is odd and the class [X] in Br(F) has order dividing 2, we prove that X is isomorphic to the twist of \(End_ FE\) by \(\alpha^ d\) in the following sense: we make G act on \(End_ FE\otimes_{{\mathbb{Q}}}{\bar {\mathbb{Q}}}\) by \(s\cdot (a\otimes t)=\alpha^ d(\dot s)a\alpha^ d(\dot s)^{-1}\otimes s(t)\), where \(\alpha^ d(\dot s)\) is any lift of \(\alpha^ d(s)\) in \(E^*\). We call \((End_ FE\otimes_{{\mathbb{Q}}}{\bar {\mathbb{Q}}})^ G\) the twist of \(End_ FE\) by \(\alpha^ d\). Note that [X] has order dividing 2 when \(A=A_ f\) or F is a totally real field. Furthermore, if E is Galois over F, we prove that such a twist is isomorphic to the crossed product algebra defined by a 2- cocycle on Gal(E/F), whose values are Jacobi sums. Finally, we study the case where \(E=End_{{\mathbb{Q}}}(A)\otimes_{{\mathbb{Z}}}{\mathbb{Q}}\) via the \(\ell\)-adic representations attached to A. If E is totally real or \(d=1\), we prove that E is an abelian Galois extension of F. Thus, if d is odd, then the preceding theorem applies. In this case the Dirichlet characters defining the Jacobi cocycle arise naturally from the \(\ell\)-adic representations. All of these results generalize the case where \(A=A_ f\) as above.