A new class of planar \(\pi\)-spaces and some related topics: \((n,d)\)- systems and \((\sigma,n)\)-spaces (Q1079182)

A line space is a pair \(S=(P,L)\), where P is a non-empty set of elements, called points, and L is a set of subsets of P, called lines, such that every line contains at least two points and every two distinct points belong to exactly one line. A subspace of line space \(S=(P,L)\) is a subset P' of P such that every line of L having at least two points in P' is contained in P'. A planar space is a triple \(S=(P,L,\pi)\), where (P,L) is a line space and \(\pi\) is a non-empty set of subspaces of S, called planes, such that every plane contains at least three non-collinear points and every three non-collinear points of P belong to exactly one plane. A \(\pi\)-space is a planar space such that every plane is isomorphic to a given line space \(\pi\). A \(\pi\)-space is called trivial if it has only one plane. Classical spaces of dimension \(\geq 3\), e.g. the projective, affine and the Lobachevski spaces are examples of non-trivial \(\pi\)-spaces. The authors present a new non-trivial infinite \(\pi\)-space with \(\pi =PG(d,Q)\) and another one with \(\pi =AG(d,Q)\), for all \(d\geq 3\). A natural generalization of \(\pi\)-spaces, namely the \((\sigma,n)\)- spaces, is also studied. For this purpose, the authors use the language of \((n,d)\)-systems, which was introduced and studied by the second author, and for which they give a brief sketch of the theory.