Integrable cases of a rigid body dynamics and integrable systems on the ellipsoids (Q1079246)

Rotation of a rigid body around a fixed point in some potential field is described by a Lagrangian system determined on the Lie group SO(3) with the Lagrangian \[ L=()(I_ 1\omega^ 2_ 1+I_ 2\omega^ 2_ 2+I_ 3\omega^ 2_ 3)-V(O^ i_ j) \] where \(I_ k\) are eigenvalues of the inertia tensor, \(\omega_ k\) are components of the angular velocity vector, \(V(O^ i_ j)\) is a potential function, \((O^ i_ j)\) is the orthogonal matrix determining the position of the rigid body. The author regards new cases of integrability of a rigid body dynamics in the case of an infinite number of parameters determining the form of the potential function \(V(O^ i_ j)\). Geometrical methods connected with the existence of maps \[ (1)\quad S^ 3\to^{f}SO(3)\to^{g}S^ 2 \] are used, where f is the universal covering map, g is the fibration, its fibres are circumferences and \(S^ n\) is an n-dimensional sphere. By means of maps f and g it is possible to connect the integrable Lagrangian systems on Lie group SO(3) with the integrable Lagrangian systems on the spheres \(S^ 3\) and \(S^ 2\). The explicit formulae for the integrable potentials (which may be polynomials of an arbitrary even degree or entire functions), having important applications for \(n=2\), \(n=3\) in rigid body dynamics, are obtained. New integrable cases of a rigid body dynamics, constructed in the present paper, are found on the basis of three different constructions connected with the maps (1) for three types of the rigid body inertia tensors: spherical \((I_ 1=I_ 2=I_ 3)\), symmetric \((I_ 1=I_ 2\neq I_ 3)\), and an arbitrary one \((I_ 1\neq I_ 2\neq I_ 3)\).