The lattice of quasivarieties of semigroups (Q1080452)

A quasivariety is a class of similar algebras which is closed under the formation of subalgebras, products and ultra-products (equivalently, definable by ''quasi-identities'' or ''implications''). The quasivariety generated by an algebra A is denoted Q(A). The lattice of subquasivarieties of a quasivariety \({\mathcal K}\) is denoted L(\({\mathcal K}).\) The author's main theorem demonstrates the complexity of the lattice of quasivarieties of semigroups. He shows that there exists a finite, commutative 3-nilpotent semigroup N such that L(Q(N)) is ''Q-universal'': every lattice L(\({\mathcal K})\) (where \({\mathcal K}\) is a quasivariety of algebras of finite type) is a homomorphic image of a sublattice of L(Q(N)). As a corollary, results of \textit{V. A. Gorbunov} and \textit{V. I. Tumanov} [Algebra Logika 19, 59-80 (1980; Zbl 0472.08011)] are used to show that there exists a finite semigroup S with the property that L(Q(S)) contains a copy of the free lattice of countable rank.