Structure of open algebraic surfaces. I (Q1084149)

We study the structure of algebraic surfaces which may not be complete. The main results were announced in the author's note in Proc. Jap. Acad., Ser. A 57, 230-232 (1981; Zbl 0507.14030). Let X be a nonsingular surface over \({\mathbb{C}}\) and let \(\bar P_ m(X)\), \({\bar \kappa}(X)\) denote the logarithmic m-genus of X, the logarithmic Kodaira dimension of X, respectively. It is an important problem to find the smallest one among those positive integers m with \(\bar P_ m(X)>0\). If X is complete, \({\bar\kappa}(X)=-\infty\) if and only if \(\bar P_{12}(X)=0\) by virtue of the classification theory. Our results, which extend the above results to the case of open algebraic surfaces, are summarized as follows: Take a smooth completion \(\bar X\) of X such that \(D:=\bar X-X\) is a divisor on X with simple normal crossings. (1) (Theorem 2.1 of {\S}2). If \({\bar\kappa}(X)=0\), then \(\bar P_ i(X)=1\) for some \(1\leq i\leq 66.\) (2) (Theorem 3.3 of {\S}3). If \({\bar\kappa}(X)\geq 0\), and if D is connected, then \(\bar P_{12}(X)>0.\) In particular, by virtue of Miyanishi-Sugie-Fujita's cancellation theorem, we deduce from (2) the following theorem: Assume that D is connected. Then \(\bar P{}_{12}(X)=0\) if and only if X contains an open set U of the form \(U\cong {\mathbb{A}}^ 1\times C\), where C is an open curve. In part II of this paper [by the author and \textit{M. Miyanishi} (see the following review)], we apply the results obtained in this article to projective plane curves.