Lie-Bäcklund vector fields for the nonlinear system, \(Q_ t=AQ_{xx}+F(Q_ x,Q)\) (Q1085346)

We have analyzed the class of nonlinear second-order equations written as \(Q_ t=AQ_{xx}+F(Qx,Q)\) with \(Q=\left( \begin{matrix} u\\ v\end{matrix} \right)\) and A, F are, respectively, matrix and vector functions depending on Q, \(Q_ x\), from the point of view of Lie-Bäcklund vector fields. When the vector function F does not depend on \(Q_ x\), these equation set reduces to the coupled diffusion equations discussed by Steeb. But our generalized system encompasses a large class of physically meaning full nonlinear equations, such as (i) dispersive water waves and (ii) a completely anisotropic Heisenberg spin chain. We also exhibit a new nonlinear coupled system which do have nontrivial Lie-Bäcklund vector fields. Also our approach yields more information about the symmetry generators for a wider class of nonlinear equations than the function space approach of Fuchsteiner in a much simpler way.