Cellular-indecomposable operators and Beurling's theorem (Q1088136)

We study invariant subspaces for the operator of multiplication by z on certain Hilbert spaces H of analytic functions on the unit disk. We show that if the intersection of any two nonzero (multiplication by z) invariant subspaces of H is nonzero, then each nonzero invariant subspace M of H satisfies \(\dim (M\theta zM)=1\). This fact is used to prove Beurling's theorem, which characterizes the invariant subspaces of the Hardy space. We also show that if \(\dim (M\theta zM)=1\) for each nonzero invariant subspace M of H, then \(dist(M_ 1,M_ 2)=0\) for any two nonzero invariant subspaces \(M_ 1\) and \(M_ 2\) of H.