A note on the mean value of the zeta and L-functions. IV, V (Q1088713)

This is a series of notes on the mean values of \(\zeta\) (s) and L- functions [for Part I see ibid. 61, 222-224 (1985; Zbl 0573.10027); Part II, ibid. 61, 313-316 (1985; Zbl 0583.10024); Part III, ibid. 62, 152-154 (1986; Zbl 0592.10037)]. In Part IV the author turns to the function \[ E(T)=\int^{T}_{0}| \zeta (+it)|^ 2 dt-T(\log (T/2\pi)+2\gamma -1) \] (log(T/2\(\pi)\) is misprinted as T/2\(\pi\) in the text) for which \textit{F. V. Atkinson} [Acta Math. 81, 353-376 (1949; Zbl 0036.186)] established an explicit formula. This involves two exponential sums (whose lengths are of order T) with the divisor function, plus an error term which Atkinson found out to be \(O(\log^ 2T)\). The present author sketches the proof of a sharper version of Atkinson's formula. The result is too long to be reproduced here, but in some cases the error term is as small as \(O(T^{-1/4})\). This is sufficient to derive the asymptotic formula \[ \int^{T}_{0}E^ 2(t) dt=C T^{3/2}+O(T \log^ 5T) \] with suitable \(C>0\), obtained independently by \textit{T. Meurman} [On the mean square of the Riemann zeta-function, Q. J. Math. Oxf., II. Ser. to appear]. In Part V the author considers E(T,A), the error term in the asymptotic formula for \[ \int^{T}_{0}| \zeta (+it) A(+it)|^ 2 dt,\quad A(s)=\sum_{m\leq M}a(m)m^{-s}, \] where log \(M\ll \log T\), \(a(m)\ll m^{\epsilon}\). This problem was considered by \textit{R. Balasubramanian, J. B. Conrey} and \textit{D. R. Heath-Brown} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 357, 161-181 (1985; Zbl 0549.10030)], who obtained \(E(T,A)\ll T \log^{-B}t+M^ 2 T^{\epsilon}\) for any fixed \(B>0\). The author briefly sketches a method, based on Atkinson's approach (loc. cit.) to E(T), which yields the above estimate together with the new estimate \(E(T,A)\ll T^{1/3} M^{4/3} T^{\epsilon}.\) Some other interesting applications of the author's method are also mentioned.