Sous-corps commutatifs ad-stables des anneaux de fractions des quotients des algèbres enveloppantes; espaces homogènes et induction de Mackey. (Ad-stable commutative subfields of the ring of fractions of quotients of enveloping algebras; homogeneous spaces and Mackey induction) (Q1089086)

Let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0, G an affine algebraic group over k, with \(G\circ\) the connected component of 1, and Lie algebra \({\mathfrak g}\). Write U(\({\mathfrak g})\) for the enveloping algebra of \({\mathfrak g}\), and if \(P\in Spec U({\mathfrak g})\), write Fract(U(\({\mathfrak g})/P)\) for its ring of fractions. Let I be a primitive ideal of U(\({\mathfrak g})\). This paper is concerned with the relation between commutative \(G\circ\)-stable subfields of Fract(U(\({\mathfrak g})/I)\) and the left ideals of U(\({\mathfrak g})\) which induce I. The authors [Bull. Soc. Math. Fr. 109, 403-426 (1981; Zbl 0495.17006)] have previously proved (with the above notation): If \({\mathfrak k}\) is an ideal of \({\mathfrak g}\), then the centre of Fract(U(\({\mathfrak k})/I\cap U({\mathfrak k}))\) (which is a \(G\circ\)-stable subfield of Fract(U(\({\mathfrak g})/I))\) is \(G\circ\)-isomorphic to k(G\(\circ /H)\) the rational functions on the homogeneous space \(G\circ /H\), for some closed subgroup H of G; furthermore, I is induced from a primitive ideal of U(\({\mathfrak h})\), where \({\mathfrak h}=Lie H.\) The paper is in three parts. Chapter I concerns a k-algebra, V, which is a semiprime Goldie ring and has a rational action of G as automorphisms of V. Thus \({\mathfrak g}\) acts as derivations of V. Let I be a G-stable ideal of V, such that Fract(V/I) is semisimple artinian, and let \(L\subset Fract(V/I)\) be a commutative semisimple subalgebra. Then L is \(G\circ\)-stable if and only if L is \({\mathfrak g}\)-stable. If L is G-stable, and \(L^ G=k\), then L is G-isomorphic to the rational functions on a homogeneous G-space. Let H be a closed subgroup of G. Let k(G/H) be the rational functions on G/H, and let \({\mathfrak m}_{(H)}\subset k(G/H)\) be those functions which are defined on a dense open subset containing H/H, and are zero at H/H. Let \(\phi\) : k(G/H)\(\to Fract(V/I)\), be a G-equivariant algebra homomorphism. Let i: V/I\(\to Fract(V/I)\) be the inclusion. Set \(J_{\phi}=\{x\in V|\) \(i(x)\in (V/I)_{\phi}({\mathfrak m}_{(H)})\}\). This is a left ideal of V. Then \(H=Stab_ G(J_{\phi})\), \(I=\cap_{\gamma \in G}\gamma (J_{\phi})\), and \(\phi\) may be reconstructed from \(J_{\phi}\). Furthermore, it is possible to characterise those left ideals J which are of the form \(J_{\phi}\). In this situation, one says that I is induced from J through k(G/H). The results of Chapter I are applied, in Chapters II and III, to the case \(V=U({\mathfrak g})\). With the above notation, set \({\mathfrak h}=Lie H\). If I is induced from J through k(G/H) then J is generated by \(J\cap U({\mathfrak h})\) which is a semiprime ideal of U(\({\mathfrak h})\). The properties of I and \(J\cap U({\mathfrak h})\) are closely related; for example, I is G-rational if and only if J is H-rational. Finally in Chapter II a transitivity result for induction is proved. Chapter III applies the earlier results. It relies on previous work of the authors [Bull. Soc. Math. Fr. 112, 3-40 (1984; Zbl 0549.17007)]. For example, using the Duflo parametrisation of the primitive ideals in U(\({\mathfrak g})\), one constructs various commutative subfields of the primitive quotients, and characterises the rational ideals in U(\({\mathfrak g})\) which can be obtained by the orbit method (the induced ideals of Duflo).