Subspaces and factor-spaces isomorphic to \(\ell _ p\) in tensor products and in the spaces of operators (Q1090891)

Let X and Y be Banach space, \(\Pi_ r(X,Y)\) the (Banach) space of all r- summable (linear) operators from X to Y (1\(\leq r\leq \infty)\). Let \(\epsilon_ r\) and \(g_ r\) be the cross-norms on \(X\otimes Y\) defined as follows: 1) \(\epsilon_ r\) is the norm on \(X\otimes Y\) induced by the norm of \(\Pi_ r(X^*,Y);\) 2) \(g_ r(u)=\inf \{\sum \gamma_ r(x_ i)\beta_{r'}(y_ i):u=\sum^{n}_{1}x_ i\otimes y_ i\), where \(\gamma_ r((x_ i)^ n_ 1)=\| (\| x_ i\|)^ n_ 1\|_ r\), \(\beta_{r'}((y_ i)^ n_ 1)=\sup \{\| (y^*(y_ i))^ n_ 1\|_{r'}:\pi^*\in Y^*\), \(\| y^*\| \leq 1\}\) and r' is the conjugate to r. Theorem 1. - If \(1\leq q<p\leq r\leq \infty\) and X does not contain an isomorphic copy of \(\ell_ q\), then \(X\otimes_{\epsilon_ r}\ell_ p\) does not contain an isomorphic copy of \(\ell_ q.\) Theorem 2. - If \(1\leq r\leq p<q\leq \infty\) and X does not contain an isomorphic copy of \(\ell_ q\), then \(\ell_ p\otimes_{g_ r}X\) does not contain an isomorphic copy of \(\ell_ q.\) Theorem 3. - If \(1\leq q<p\leq r\leq \infty\) and no factor space of X is isomorphic to \(\ell_ q\), then no factor space of \(X\otimes_{\epsilon_ r}\ell_ p\) is isomorphic to \(\ell_ q.\) Theorem 4. - Let \(1\leq p,q,r\leq \infty\). Then: 1) if no factor space of \(\ell \otimes_{g_ r}X\) is isomorphic to \(\ell_ q\), then \(QN_{r'}(X,\ell_{p'})=\Pi_{r'}(X,\ell_{p'})\); 2) if no factor of X is isomorphic to \(\ell_ q\), \(1<p\), \(1\leq r\leq p<q\leq \infty\), then no factor space of \(\ell_ p\otimes_{g_ r}X\) is isomorphic to \(\ell_ q\) if and only if \(QN_{r'}(X,\ell_{p'})=\Pi_{r'}(X,\ell_{p'})\). (Here \(QN_{r'}\) means r'-quasiregular.)