Quantitative genetic variation in an ecological setting (Q1092835)

The machinery was developed to investigate the behavior of quantitative genetic variation in an ecological model of a finite number of islands of finite size, with migration rate m and extinction rate e, for a quantitative genetic model general for numbers of alleles and loci and additive, dominance, and additive by additive epistatic effects. It was necessary to reckon with seven quadratic genetic components, whose coefficients in the genotypic variance components within demes, \(\sigma^ 2_{Gw}\), between demes within populations, \(\sigma^ 2_{\bar s}\), and between replicate populations, \(\sigma^ 2_ r\), are given by descent measures. The descent measures at any time are calculated with the use of transition equations which are determined by the parameters of the ecological model. Numerical results were obtained for the coefficients of the quadratic genetic components in each of the three genotypic variance components in the early phase of differentiation. The general effect of extinction is to speed up the time course leading to fixation, to increase \(\sigma^ 2_ r\), and to decrease \(\sigma^ 2_ i\) (with a few exceptions) in comparison with no extinction. The general effect of migration is to slow down the time course leading to fixation, to increase \(\sigma^ 2_{Gw}\), at least in the later generations, and to decrease \(\sigma^ 2_{\bar s}\) (with a few exceptions) in comparison with no migration. Except for these, the effects of migration and extinction on the variance components are complex, depending on the genetic model, and sometimes involve interaction of migration and extinction. Sufficient details are given for an investigator to evaluate numerically the results for variations in the quantitative genetic and ecological models.