Remarks on geometric properties of certain coefficient estimates (Q1093765)

Let \(\Sigma_ 0\) be the family of one-to-one analytic functions \[ f(z)=z+\sum^{\infty}_{n=1}b_ nz^{-n}\quad in\quad | z| >1. \] It follows from the uniqueness assertion of Jenkins' general coefficient theorem that a function \(f\in \Sigma_ 0\) whose omitted set \({\mathbb{C}}\setminus f(| z| >1)\) lies on trajectories of a quadratic differential \((Aw^ 2+B)dw^ 2\) is necessarily odd. For example, if p and q are polynomials, then the maximum of the functional \(Re\{p(b_ 1)+q(b_ 1)b_ 3\}\) over \(\Sigma_ 0\) is attained by an odd function. As an application, using Loewner theory the author obtains the maximum of the functional \(Re\{\lambda b_ 1-b_ 3\}\) for \(\lambda\geq 0\). The latter problem, even for complex \(\lambda\), was considered also by \textit{Y. J. Leung} and the reviewer [Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Ser. A I 11, 39-61 (1986; Zbl 0603.30022)]. In the case where the omitted set of \(f\in \Sigma_ 0\) lies on trajectories of \((Aw^ 2+Bw+C)dw^ 2\) with A,B,C real and satisfying either \(A\geq 0\), or \(B=0\) and \(| C| \geq 4| A|\), or \(C=0\) and \(| B| \geq 4| A|\), it is shown that f must have real coefficients. As an application, the maximum of the functional \(Re\{b_ 3+b^ 2_ 1+\lambda b_ 2\}\) is found for \(\lambda >0\) by integrating the corresponding Schiffer differential equation. Again, a more general functional arises from Jenkins' general coefficient theorem and was considered also by \textit{W. E. Kirwan} and the reviewer [Math. Z. 180, 19- 40 (1982; Zbl 0498.30024)].