On the greatest distance between two permanental roots of a matrix (Q1095218)

Let A be an \(n\times n\) complex matrix and I the \(n\times n\) identity matrix. The roots of the polynomial \(per(zI-A),\) where per denotes permanent, are called permanental roots of A. The permanental spread of A is the greatest distance between two permanental roots of A. The main objective of this paper is to give bounds for the permanental spread of several types of matrices.