The Müntz-Szász problem (Q1099355)

Let \(\Lambda =\{\lambda_ n\}^{\infty}_{n=1}\) be an arbitrary sequence of complex numbers with Re \(\lambda\) \({}_ n>0\), and let \(\delta_ n=(Re \lambda_ n)/(1+| \lambda_ n|^ 2).\) Let also \(\phi\), \(\Psi\) be the classes of nonincreasing functions on (0,\(\infty)\) such that \(\int^{\infty}_{0}\phi <\infty\) for each \(\phi\in \phi\) and \(\int^{\infty}_{0}\phi <\infty\) for each \(\psi\in \Psi\). The paper deals with sufficient conditions for completeness and noncompleteness of the exponential system \(\{e^{-\lambda_ nt}\}^{\infty}_{n=1}\) in \(L^ p(0,\infty)\), \(1\leq p<2\). The following basic theorems are proved: Theorem 1. If there is \(\phi\in \Phi\) such that \(\sum^{\infty}_{n=1}\delta_ n\phi [\log (1/\delta_ n)]=+\infty,\) then \(\{e^{-\lambda_ nt}\}^{\infty}_{n=1}\) is complete in \(L^ p(0,\infty)\), \(1\leq p<2\). Theorem 2. Let \(1\leq p<2\). Then in \(L^ p(0,\infty)\) there is a noncomplete system of the form \(\{e^{-\lambda_ nt}\}^{\infty}_{n=1}\) such that \(\sum^{\infty}_{n=1}\delta_ n\psi [\log (1/\delta_ n)]=+\infty\) for each \(\psi\in \Psi\). For \(\psi\equiv 1\in \Psi\) theorem 2 implies a Grum's result about the existence of noncomplete systems in \(L^ p(0,\infty)\), \(1\leq p<2\) satisfying the classical Szasz condition \(\sum^{\infty}_{n=1}\delta_ n=+\infty\).