Asymptotic formulas for the eigenvalues of a periodic Schrödinger operator and the Bethe-Sommerfeld conjecture (Q1099396)

In the space \(L_ 2(E_ 3)\), where \(E_ 3\) is the three-dimensional Euclidean space, one consideres the Schrödinger operator \[ Hu=-\Delta u+q(x)u \] with real, enough smooth, periodic potential q(x). If we denote \[ F=\{x\in E_ 3: x=a_ 1w_ 1+a_ 2w_ 2+a_ 3w_ 3,\quad 0\leq a_ i<1\} \] let \(H_ t\) be the operator generated in \(L_ 2(F)\) from the operator H, with the boundary conditions: \[ u(x+w_ i)=u(x)\exp (it),\quad t=(t_ 1\gamma^ 1 + t_ 2\gamma^ 2 + t_ 3\gamma^ 3)2\pi. \] In the present paper one proves asymptotic formulas for the eigenvalues of the operators \(H_ t\). From these formulas follow the existence of a real number \(R_ 0\), such that the interval \((R^ 2_ 0,+\infty)\) is contained in the spectrum of the operator H.