Hilbert transform in the complex plane and area inequalities for certain quadratic differentials (Q1100585)

The author studies the Hilbert transform \[ T_ E(z)=- \frac{1}{\pi}\iint_{B}\frac{\chi_ E(\zeta)d\mu (\zeta)}{(z-\zeta)^ 2}, \] where \(\chi_ E\) is the characteristic function of a measurable set E in the (open) unit disk B and \(d\mu\) (\(\zeta)\) is Lebesgue measure. In particular he considers inequalities of the form \[ \iint_{B-E}| T_ E(z)| d\mu (z)\leq A| E| \log (\pi | E|^{- 1})+C| E|, \] where \(| E|\) is the Lebesgue measure of E and A, C are constants independent of E. He gives certain cases of modest generality in which the constants A, C can be taken to be 1,0. The method is to regard \(T_ E(z)dz\) 2 as a quadratic differential which in certain cases is hyperelliptic and to use known results for the trajectory structure to obtain bounds for integrals involving quadratic differentials. It is strange that in referring to the Three Pole Theorem the author does not mention the definitive paper [Math. J., Indiana Univ. 21, 1013-1018 (1972; Zbl 0241.30026)] in which the reviewer showed that this result has purely topological character but rather indicates a paper which is the first part of the reviewer's original proof in the function- theoretic context and a paper which is a minor expository modification of the above.