Abstract Cauchy problems for second order linear differential equations in a Banach space (Q1103174)

Let A be a closed linear operator in a Banach space X and let Y be a linear manifold of X. Assume that (a) Y is a normed space under a certain norm \(\|| \cdot \||\) which is stronger than the original norm \(\| \cdot \|\) of X; (b) there is \(\omega \geq 0\) such that for each \(\lambda >\omega\), the range \(R(\lambda^ 2-A)\) contains Y, \(R(\lambda^ 2):=(\lambda^ 2- A)^{-1}\) exists, and such that Y is invariant under \(R(\lambda^ 2);\) (c) there is a constant \(M>0\) such that \[ (*)\quad \| \sum^{[n/2]}_{k=0}\left( \begin{matrix} n\\ 2k\end{matrix} \right)J_{\lambda}^{n-k}(J_{\lambda}-I)^ k/ x\| \leq M\lambda^ n(\lambda -\omega)^{-n}\|| x\|| \] for \(x\in Y\), \(\lambda >\omega\) and \(n\in {\mathbb{N}}\), where \(J_{\lambda}:=\lambda^ 2R(\lambda^ 2)\) [(*) is equivalent to \(\| (d/d\lambda)^{n- 1}[\lambda R(\lambda^ 2)x]\| \leq M(n-1)!(\lambda -\omega)^{- n}\|| x\||].\) Put \(C_ n(0)x:=x\), and for \(t>0\), \[ C_ n(t)x:=(-1)^{n- 1}\frac{1}{(n-1)!}(\frac{n}{t})^ n(\frac{d}{dl})^{n-1}[\lambda R(\lambda^ 2)x]|_{\lambda =n/t}. \] Assume further that \(Y_ 2:=\{x\in Y\); Ax\(\in Y\), A 2x\(\in Y\}\) is \(\|| \cdot \||\)-dense in Y. Then for \(x\in Y\), \(\{C_ n(t)x\}\) converges as \(n\to \infty\) with respect to \(\| \cdot \|\). The convergence is uniform in t on every finite subinterval of \([0,\infty)\). Define \(C(t)x:=\lim_{n\to \infty}C_ n(t)x\) (t\(\geq 0)\) and \(C(t)x:=C(-t)x\) \((t<0)\). Then for \(x,y\in Y_ 1:=\{x\in Y\); Ax\(\in Y\}\), \(u(t;x,y)=C(t)x+\int^{t}_{0}C(s)y ds\) is a solution to the abstract Cauchy problem: \[ (d/dt)^ 2 u(t)=Au(t),\quad t\in {\mathbb{R}},\quad u(0)=x,\quad u'(0)=y. \] Next, let A be a densely defined and closed linear operator in X and let \(k\in {\mathbb{N}}\). Assume that (i) there is \(\omega \geq 0\) such that \(\{\lambda^ 2; \lambda >\omega \}\) is contained in the resolvent set of A; (ii) there is \(M>0\) such that for \(x\in D(A\) k), \[ \| (d/d\lambda)^{n-1}[\lambda R(\lambda^ 2)x]\| \leq M(n-1)!(\lambda -\omega)^{-n}\| x\|_ k,\quad \lambda >\omega,\quad n\in {\mathbb{N}}. \] Then the pair of A and \([D(A k)]\)satisfies the conditions (a)-(c) stated above.