The integration of semi-infinite Toda chain by means of inverse spectral problem (Q1107041)

The semi-infinite Toda chain \[ (1)\quad da_ n/dt=()a_ n(b_{n+1}- b_ n),\quad db_ n/dt=a\quad 2_ n-a\quad 2_{n-1};\quad n=0,1,2,...;\quad t\in [0,\infty) \] and its generalisations are discussed. A method of integrating the initial boundary value problem on the semi-axis \(n=0,1,..\). in a class of sequences bounded at every time t is proposed. The problem assumes the initial data \(\{a_ n(0),...,b_ n(0),...\}\) to be given at \(t=0\) and the boundary value condition \(a_{- 1}=0\) to be satisfied. The method is based on the classical inverse problem of spectral analysis for difference equations, namely, it arises from the standard observation that the Jacobi matrix associated with the solution of the system (1), the corresponding Weyl function and, hence, the spectral measure evolve in time according to the simple linear law. It allows one to recover the spectral measure at every time t from the initial data and then using the orthogonalisation to find out the Jacobi matrix itself and, hence, the solution.