Estimates of the area integrals by the non-tangential maximal functions (Q1107666)

Let \({\mathbb{R}}_+^{n+1}=\{(y,s):\) \(y\in {\mathbb{R}}^ n,s>0\}\) and for \(x\in {\mathbb{R}}^ n,\) \(\alpha >0\) let \(\Gamma_{\alpha}(x)=\{(y,s)\in {\mathbb{R}}_+^{n+1}\), \(| x-y| <\alpha s\}.\) The author considers a general (second order) differential operator L (applicable to the Laplace equation and the heat equation as particular cases) and \(v\in L'_{loc}({\mathbb{R}}_+^{n+1})\) for which Lv is a positive Borel measure \(\mu_{Lv}\) on \({\mathbb{R}}_+^{n+1}\). Let \((S_{\sigma}v)(x)=\int_{\Gamma_{\alpha}(x)}S^{1-n} d\mu (y,s).\) Then a general relation is proved between \(s_{\alpha}\nu\) and the non- tangential maximal function \(N_{\beta}\nu (x)=ess \sup | v X_{\Gamma_{\alpha}}|.\) In particular \(\| S_{\alpha}v\|_ p\leq c\| N_{\beta}v\|_ p\) in the \(L^ p({\mathbb{R}}\) n)-norm. This result is known for \(L=\Delta\) and \(v\in C^ 2({\mathbb{R}}_+^{+1})\) a subharmonic function, as indicated in the article.