Elliptic modular functions and elliptic genera (Q1107883)

\textit{P. S. Landweber} and \textit{R. E. Stong} defined in Topology 27, 145- 161 (1988; Zbl 0647.57013) KO characteristic classes \(\rho_ k=\pi_ k+\sum_{0<| \omega | <k}a^ k_{\omega}s^{\pi}_{\omega},\) \(a^ k_{\omega}\in {\mathbb{Q}}\), and a multiplicative KO characteristic class \(\rho_ t=\sum_{k\geq 0}\rho_ kt^ k\), such that the KO characteristic number \[ e_ t(M)=\sum^{\infty}_{k=0} < \hat {\mathfrak A}(M)ch(\rho_ k(M)),\quad [M]>t^ k \] vanishes if \(M\) is the total space of the complex projective bundle associated to a complex vector bundle of even dimension over a compact oriented manifold. According to the splitting principle \(\rho_ t\) is determined by a characteristic power series \(f_ t(y)=1+yt+\sum_{k\geq 2}p_ k(y)t^ k,\) where \(p_ k(y)=\sum^{k-1}_{i=1}a^ k_{(i)}y^ i\in {\mathbb{Q}}[y]\) and \(a^ k_{(1)}=0\) for \(k\geq 2\). \textit{S. Ochanine} [Topology 26, 143-151 (1987; Zbl 0626.57014)] proved that \[ \frac{x}{\Phi_ t(x)}=\frac{x/2}{\sin h(x/2)}f_ t(e^ x+e^{-x}-2), \] where \(x=\int^{\Phi_ t(x)}_{0}\frac{dz}{\sqrt{1-2\delta z^ 2+\epsilon z^ 4}}\) is a normalized elliptic integral of the first kind with parameters \(\delta =\delta (t)\) and \(\epsilon =\epsilon (t)\) in \({\mathbb{Q}}[[t]]\). Using these facts the authors study the power series \(f_ t(y)\). They identify the series \(f_ t(y)\) and its coefficients with modular forms and thus show the integrality of the coefficients \(a^ k_{\omega}\) in \(\rho_ k\).