Density of natural numbers and the Lévy group (Q1111606)

Let \(\delta\) be the asymptotic density of natural numbers and \({\mathcal F}\) the collection of subsets of \({\mathbb{N}}\) which admit the density. The triple (\({\mathbb{N}},{\mathcal F},\delta)\) may be regarded as an analogue of a probability space. The Lévy group \({\mathcal G}\) is by definition the subgroup of permutations g on \({\mathbb{N}}\) such that \[ \lim_{N\to \infty}(1/N)\quad | \{1\leq n\leq N;\quad g(n)>N\}| =0. \] Then the density \(\delta\) is invariant under \({\mathcal G}\). The main results of this paper are: (i) \(\delta\) is ergodic under \({\mathcal G}\); (ii) \(\delta\) is characterized by the invariance under \({\mathcal G}\) and finite additivity. Moreover, rearrangement of uniformly distributed sequences is discussed in connection with the Lévy group. A preprint quoted in the paper will appear in Nagoya Math. J. under the title ``A characterization of the Lévy Laplacian in terms of infinite dimensional rotation groups''.