Some global generalizations of the Birkhoff-Kellogg theorem and applications (Q1113075)

Consider the operator equation with a parameter \[ x=\lambda Ax,\quad (\lambda,x)\in R\times X, \] where X is an infinite-dimensional Banach space. Let \(M=\{(\lambda,x)\in R\times X:\) \(x=\lambda Ax\), \(x\neq 0\}\). Assume that A is differentiable at \(\Theta\) and \(A\Theta =\Theta\). By using Leray-Schauder degree theory, the authors proved the following results: (1) If there is a bounded open \(D\subset X\) with \(\Theta\in D\) s.t. Ax\(\neq \lambda\) for any \(x\in \partial D\) and \(0\leq \lambda \leq 1\), and \(\inf_{x\in \partial D}\| Ax\| >0\), then \(\bar M\) has an unbounded connected component \(C\subset (0,+\infty)\times X;\) (2) If \(\lim_{x\to \infty}\| Ax\| /\| x\| =\infty\), then (0,\(\infty)\) is the only asymptotic bifurcation point, and \(\bar M\) has connected components \(C^+\subset (0,+\infty)\times X\) and \(C^-\subset (-\infty,0)\times X\) passing through (p,\(\infty)\).