Counterexamples related to high-frequency oscillation of Poisson's kernel (Q1113362)

This work, which supplies results by the authors [(*) ibid. 15, 93-107 (1987; Zbl 0644.35034)] on homogenization, consists of two sections. The first starts with a summary of (*) and concludes with two counterexamples which show the results of (*) to be in a sense optimal. The second is an application to optimal control of distributed systems. Suppose \(D\subseteq {\mathbb{R}}^ n\) is bounded and smooth. Consider the boundary value problem \[ (1)\quad L_{\epsilon}u_{\epsilon}(x)=0,\quad x\in D;\quad u_{\epsilon}(x)=g(x),\quad x\in \partial D, \] where \(g\in L^ p(\partial D)\), \(1<p<\infty\), with \(L_{\epsilon}=\partial_ i(a_{ij}(\epsilon^{-1}x)\partial_ j)\), \(a_{ij}\in C^{1,\alpha}\) periodic. Let \(P_{\epsilon}(x,y)\), \(P_ 0(x,y)\) be the Poisson kernels associated with (1) and the homogenized version of (1), respectively. Then (see (*)), assuming \(g\in H^{s,p}(\partial D)\), \(s>0\), \(u_{\epsilon}\to u_ 0\) a.e. in D and strongly in \(L^ p(D)\), where \(u_ 0\) is the solution of the homogenized problem. It follows that \(P_{\epsilon}(x,\cdot)\to P_ 0(x,\cdot)\), strongly in \(H^{- s,p}(\partial D)\), and also weakly in \(L^ 2(\partial D)\). If \(g\in L^ p(\partial D)\) only, the estimates fail, and by direct exhibition of counterexamples the authors show that in general \(P_{\epsilon}(x,\cdot)\nrightarrow P_ 0(x,\cdot)\), strongly in \(L^ 2(\partial D)\). The application of this result involves a cost functional \(J_{\epsilon}(g)\) together with the state equation (1). The problem P(\(\epsilon)\) is to minimize \(J_{\epsilon}(g)\) over \(g\in L^ 2(\partial D)\). If \((g_{\epsilon},u_{\epsilon},J^*_{\epsilon})\) is the (unique) optimal triple for P(\(\epsilon)\) and \((g^*,u^*,J^*)\) is the (again unique) optimal triple for the homogenized problem then it is shown that as \(\epsilon\) \(\to 0\) there exists a triple \((g_ 0,u_ 0,J_ 0)\neq (g^*,u^*,J^*)\) (in fact \(J_ 0<J^*)\) such that \(g_{\epsilon}\to g_ 0\), weakly in \(L^ 2(\partial D)\), \(u_{\epsilon}\to u_ 0\), strongly in \(L^ 2(D)\) and \(J^*_{\epsilon}\to J_ 0\).