On the average number of crossings of an algebraic polynomial (Q1115014)

Let \(P(x)=\sum^{n-1}_{i=0}a_ ix^ i\), where \(a_ 0,a_ 1,a_ 2,...,a_{n-1}\) is a sequence of independent standard normal random variables assuming real values. For any constant m such that \((m^ 2/n)\) tends to zero, the mathematical expectation of the number of real roots of the equation \(P(x)=mx\) satisfies \[ E N(-1,1)\sim \pi^{-1}\log (n/m^ 2)\quad if\quad m\to \infty \quad as\quad n\to \infty, \] \[ E N(-1,1)\sim \pi^{-1}\log n\quad if\quad m\quad is\quad bounded, \] \[ E N(-\infty,-1)=E N(1,\infty)\sim (1/2\pi)\log n. \]