Jacobi dynamics. Many-body problem in integral characteristics (Q1119032)

This monograph contains the main results obtained in the researches of the three authors, developed beginning in 1974, on the Jacobi dynamics [e.g. the authors, Celestial Mech. 35, 23-43 (1985; Zbl 0575.70005); 32, 173-183 (1984; Zbl 0575.70004); 27, 285-304 (1982; Zbl 0498.70021); 23, 243-267 (1981; Zbl 0467.70021); 19, 173-201 (1979; Zbl 0414.76097); 20, 69-81 (1979; Zbl 0407.70006); 20, 143-172 (1979; Zbl 0406.70008); 18, 113-140 (1978; Zbl 0397.70014)]. On the basis of Jacobi's virial equation, the theory of virial oscillations of celestial bodies was developed, for conservative and dissipative systems. For this purpose a relationship between the potential energy and moment of inertia of a system was established. This was expressed in terms of the product of the corresponding form factors, showing that the product depends little on the law of distribution of mass density for a wide range of relativistic and non-relativistic physical models of natural systems. The obtained equation of virial oscillations (and its theoretically-rigorous solution) describes the dynamics of a wide class of physical systems, ranging from empty space- time and collapsing stars to the atom. Thus, it was established that the theory of virial oscillations of celestial bodies is valid far beyond the limits of celestial mechanics based on Newton's law and equations. The first chapter ``Introduction'' contains: the principle of mutual reversibility, the action and the integral canonical pairs, the integral characteristics in dynamics of natural systems and method of moments. The second chapter deals with the ``Universality of Jacobi's virial equation for description of dynamics of natural systems in terms of integral characteristics''. The Jacobi's virial equation is obtained for different physical systems. The ``Solution of Jacobi's virial equation for conservative systems'' in classical mechanics, hydrodynamics, quantum mechanics, etc., is obtained in the third chapter. The ``Perturbed virial oscillations of a system'' are analysed in the fourth chapter, with the help of the generalized equation of virial oscillations, for which the analytical solution is given. Two particular cases are considered: a dissipative system and a system with friction. In the fifth chapter the ``Relationship between Jacobi function and potential energy'' is obtained, for a variety of concrete models (with spherical symmetry, elliptical symmetry, polytropic model, etc.). With ``Applications in celestial mechanics and Stellar dynamics'' of virial oscillations deals the sixth chapter (Trapezium system in Orion, the motion of the Moon, Lyapunov stability of motion). The ``Applications in Astrophysics, Cosmogony and Cosmology'' are considered in the seventh chapter (velocity of gravitational contraction of a gaseous sphere, bifurcation of a dissipative system, etc.). In the last chapter, the ``Global dynamics of the Earth'' is analysed. Unperturbed virial oscillations of the Earth and perturbed oscillations of the Earth's atmosphere are considered. This book presents a systematic description of the original results obtained by the three authors, which pointed out the advantages of the integral approach to the description of the dynamics of natural systems with respect to the differential approach. The book is intended for researchers, teachers and students engaged in theoretical and experimental research, in the various branches of astronomy, geophysics, planetology, cosmogony, cosmology, mechanics and hydrodynamics.