Solution of coupled differential equations of soliton theory (Q1121455)

An overdetermined system of nonlinear PDEs for the function \(\theta\) is considered: \[ \theta^2_ x + \theta^2_ y + \theta^2_ z= 1; \tag{1} \] \[ \theta_{xx} + \theta_{yy} + \theta_{zz}= \sigma(\theta), \tag{2} \] where \(\sigma(\theta)\) is an arbitrary function. As is known, all the solutions to equation (1) can be found in an explicit form. In the present work, three different particular types of the function \(\sigma(\theta)\) in r.h.s. of equation (2) are found for which the overdetermined system (1) and (2) is compatible. No other functions \(\sigma(\theta)\) that make the system compatible are possible. For each of the three types, a complete set of solutions \(\theta(x,y,z)\) is found in an explicit form.