Some characteristic and non-characteristic properties of inner product spaces (Q1122083)

This paper studies some characteristic and non-characteristic properties of inner product spaces: 1) Let S the unit sphere of a normed space E (real or complex), \(0<\epsilon <2\) and \(\delta (\epsilon)=\inf \{1-\| x+y\| /2| x,y\in S,\| x-y\| =\epsilon \}\) be the modulus of convexity of E. Then for \(\lambda =\epsilon (4-\epsilon^ 2)^{-1/2}\) the following properties are equivalent: \[ P_{\lambda}:\quad x,y\in S,\| x+\lambda y\| =\| x-\lambda y\| \Rightarrow \| x+\lambda y\|^ 2=1+\lambda^ 2 \] \[ P'_{\lambda}:\quad x,y\in S,\| x+\lambda y\|^ 2=1+\lambda^ 2\Rightarrow \| x+\lambda y\| =\| x-\lambda y\| \] \[ Q_{\epsilon}:\quad x,y\in S,\| x-y\| =\epsilon \Rightarrow \| x+y\|^ 2=4-\epsilon^ 2 \] \[ R_{\epsilon}:\delta (\epsilon)=1-(1-\epsilon^ 2/4)^{1/2} \] \[ T_{\epsilon}:\quad \forall x,y\in S[\| x-y\| -\epsilon][\| x+y\|^ 2-(4-\epsilon^ 2)]\leq 0. \] 2) If a normed real or complex space E satisfies the property \(P_{\lambda}\) for a \(\lambda >0\) such that \(\lambda \not\in D=\{\tan (K\pi /2n):n=2,3,..;k=1,...,n-1\}\) then E is an inner product space. 3) Because \(2\not\in D\), then the normed real or complex spaces with \(\| x+2y\| =\| x-2y\| \Rightarrow \| x+2y\| =5\), for \(x,y\in S\), are inner product spaces.