Structure of a class of integers and its applications to certain totients and allied Ramanujan sums (Q1122607)

For positive integers n,m denote by \((n,m)^*\) the greatest unitary divisor of m which also divides n, i.e. \((n,m)^*=\max \{d | \quad (n,m);\quad (d,m/d)=1\},\) and define the set \(R(m,n)=\{1\leq a\leq n;\quad (a,n)^*=(m-a,n)^*=1\}.\) The present authors introduce ``unitary Nagell-Ramanujan sums'' C(k,m,n) by \[ C(k,m,n)=\sum_{a\in R(m,n)}\exp (2\pi ikan^{-1}), \] k,m,n positive integers, and prove numerous multiplicative properties of C(k,m,n). These are then applied to unitary analogues of well known arithmetical functions.