Hardy-Sobolev spaces and maximal functions (Q1123338)

Let \(\Omega\) be an open subset of \({\mathbb{R}}^ n\), let f be a measurable function on \(\Omega\) and let \(k,p>0\). For \(x\in \Omega\) and for polynomials P on \({\mathbb{R}}^ n\), let \[ N^ k_ p(f,P)(x)=\sup | Q|^{-k/n}(| Q|^{-1}\int_{Q}| f(y)-P(y)|^ p dy)^{1/p}, \] where the sup is taken over all cubes Q such that \(x\in Q\subset \Omega\). If there exists a polynomial P of degree less than k for which \(N^ k_ p(f,P)(x)<\infty\), then such P is unique. If this is the case we denote the unique P by \(P_ x\) and set \(N^ k_ p(f)(x)=N^ k_ p(f,P_ x)(x).\) \textit{A. P. Calderón} [Stud. Math. 44, 563-582 (1972; Zbl 0222.44007)] proved the following theorem: Let k be a positive integer, \(1<p<\infty\) and \(f\in L^ p_{loc}(\Omega)\); then \(N^ k_ p(f)\in L^ p(\Omega)\) if and only if \(f^{(\alpha)}\in L^ p(\Omega)\) for \(| \alpha | =k\), where \(f^{(\alpha)}\) denotes the derivative in the sense of distribution. The purpose of the paper is to generalize this theorem to the case \(p\leq 1\). Roughly speaking, it is shown that if k is a positive integer, \(0<p\leq 1\) and \(1+k/n>1/p\), then an analogue to Calderón's theorem holds so long as we replace \(L^ p(\Omega)\) by \(H^ p(\Omega)\), where \(H^ p(\Omega)\) denotes the Hardy space over \(\Omega\) introduced in the author's other paper [to appear in Stud. Math. 95 (1990)]. Results concerning inhomogeneous versions of \(N^ k_ p(f)\) and \(H^ p(\Omega)\) as well as partial results for the case \(1+k/n\leq 1/p\) are also given.