Nonnegative trigonometric sums (Q1125317)

Connecting to the theory of positive definite functions the authors obtain the following results: Suppose that \[ S(x):=\sum_{-N}^Nc_ke^{it_kx}\geq 0 \] for all real \(x\), where \[ 0=t_0<t_1<\cdots<t_N, \] \( t_{-k}=-t_{k}\) for all \(k\) and \(c_0=1\). Then \[ \sum_{k=-N}^N |c_k|^4\leq {t_N\over t_1}+1 \] which implies that \[ \sum_{k=-N}^N |c_k|^2\leq \sqrt {(2N+1)\Big({t_N\over t_1}+1\Big)}. \] Suppose further that \(c_k\geq 0\) for all \(k\). Then \[ \sum_{k=-N}^N |c_k|^2\leq {t_N\over t_1}+1. \]