A congruence relation between the coefficients of the Jacobi sum (Q1163057)

Let \(\ell\) be an odd prime, \(p\) a prime \(\equiv 1\pmod \ell\) and \(q\) a power of \(p\). Let \(\chi\) be a character of order \(\ell\), of the multiplicative group of the finite field \(\mathbb F_q\). The authors consider the Jacobi sum \[ J = \sum_{\nu\in\mathbb F_q} \chi^a(\nu)\chi^b(\nu+1), \] where \(a\), \(b\), \(a+ b\not\equiv 0\pmod \ell\). Let \(\zeta\) be a primitive \(\ell\)-th root of unity. The authors show that if \(\ell\ge 5\), \(J\equiv -1\pmod{(1 -\zeta)^3}\). They also show that if \(\ell>7\), writing \(J= \sum_{k=1}^{\ell-1} a_k\zeta^k\), that \[ \sum k^6a_k+10 \bigl(\sum k^3a_k\bigr)^2 \equiv 0\pmod \ell. \]