Chaos and bifurcation of phase-locking loops under periodic perturbation (Q1178007)

The chaos and the bifurcation for the equation \[ \ddot x+\varepsilon \dot x\cos x+a\sin x=\varepsilon b\sin t \] \(a>0\), \(b>0\) or for the equivalent dynamical system \[ \dot x=y,\qquad \dot y=-a\sin x+\varepsilon(b\sin t- y\cos x)\leqno(1) \] are discussed. The study is carried out on the basis of the Melnikov method. The Melnikov function for the system (1) is computed in concrete. The main results are as follows. Theorem A: There is a number \(b_ 1\). When \(b\geq b_ 1\) and \(\varepsilon > 0\) is sufficiently small, for the system (1) the chaotic motion occurs. The chaotic behaviour means in this case that the system has a transversal homocyclic point and the Poincaré map has an invariant hyperbolic set, i.e. a Smale horseshoe. Theorem B: There is a number \(b_ 2\). When \(b\geq b_ 2\) and \(\varepsilon > 0\) is sufficiently small, the system (1) has a subharmonic orbit with the period \(mT\) (\(m=2p+1\)). Theorem C: The system (1) has not ultrasubharmonic oscillation.