On two characteristic properties of Euclidean norms (Q1179126)

Let \(E\) be a finite-dimensional real normed vector space with the norm \(\|\centerdot\|\) and \(\text{Iso}(E,\| \|)\) be the group of linear isometries \(E\to E\). The two characteristic properties that appear in the title are: (1) The norm \(\|\centerdot\|\) is Euclidean if and only if the group \(\text{Iso}(E,\| \|)\) acts transitively on the unit sphere (Theorem 1 in the paper; the author remarks that this result is not new); (2) The norm \(\|\centerdot\|\) is Euclidean if and only if every linear subspace of \(E\) has an orthogonal complement in \(E\) (Theorem 2; the subspaces \(F_ 1,F_ 2\subset E\) are called orthogonal if \(\| x+y\|=\| x-y\|\) for all \(x\in F_ 1\), \(y\in F_ 2)\).